Pre test Information : No Special Preparation Needed

Hemoglobin is a protein found in red blood cells that transports oxygen from the lungs to the rest of the body. Hemoglobin comes in a variety of forms. Hemoglobin electrophoresis is a blood test that determines the different types of haemoglobin present. It also looks for abnormal haemoglobin types.

Normal haemoglobin types include:

• The most common type of haemoglobin in healthy adults is haemoglobin A (Hgb).
• Hemoglobin F (foetal haemoglobin) This type of haemoglobin is found in newborns and unborn babies. HgbF is quickly replaced by HgbA after birth.

If HgbA or HgbF levels are abnormally high or low, it can indicate certain types of anaemia.

The following types of haemoglobin are abnormal:

• S. Hemoglobin (Hgb) This haemoglobin type is found in sickle cell disease. Sickle cell disease is an inherited condition in which the body produces stiff, sickle-shaped red blood cells. Because healthy red blood cells are flexible, they can easily move through blood vessels. Sickle cells can become lodged in blood vessels, resulting in severe and chronic pain, infections, and other complications.
• C. Hemoglobin (Hgb) This type of haemoglobin is poor at carrying oxygen. It can result in a mild form of anaemia.
• E. Hemoglobin (Hgb) People of Southeast Asian descent are more likely to have this type of haemoglobin. People with HgbE typically have no or mild anaemia symptoms.

An electric current is applied to a blood sample during a haemoglobin electrophoresis test. This distinguishes between normal and abnormal haemoglobin. The different types of haemoglobin can then be measured separately.

Hb electrophoresis, haemoglobin evaluation, hemoglobinopathy evaluation, haemoglobin fractionation, Hb ELP, sickle cell screen are some of the other names for this test.

What is its purpose?

Hemoglobin electrophoresis determines haemoglobin levels and searches for abnormal haemoglobin types. It is most commonly used to aid in the diagnosis of anaemia, sickle cell disease, and other haemoglobin disorders.

What is the purpose of haemoglobin electrophoresis?

If you have symptoms of a haemoglobin disorder, you should be tested. These are some examples:

• Fatigue
• Skin tone is light.
• Jaundice is a condition in which your skin and eyes turn yellow.
• Extreme discomfort (sickle cell disease)
• Growth issues (in children)

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